What is a byproduct material called when it is encased in a capsule designed to prevent leakage?

The term for byproduct material that is encased in a capsule designed to prevent leakage is referred to as a sealed source. This encapsulation is crucial in radiation safety as it offers a protective barrier, preventing the escape of radioactive materials into the environment. Sealed sources are commonly used in various applications, including medical treatments, industrial gauges, and research.

The design of a sealed source ensures that any potential exposure to radiation is minimized, as the encapsulation contains the radioactive material securely. This containment is vital for safety protocols in handling and storing radioactive substances, shielding both workers and the public from unnecessary exposure.

In contrast, other options like open source refer to situations where radioactive materials are not contained and can readily interact with the environment, posing a higher risk. Radioactive waste refers to the remains of radioactive materials after they have been used, which often require special handling and disposal procedures. Control source is not a standard term in nuclear science or radiation safety, further distinguishing sealed sources as the correct terminology in this context.