What component is typically used in personal dosimetry for radiation workers?

The correct answer is the thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD), as it is specifically designed for personal dosimetry in radiation workers. TLDs are small devices that can be worn on the body to measure exposure to ionizing radiation over time. They function by absorbing energy from radiation, which is later released as light when heated. The amount of light emitted is proportional to the amount of radiation exposure, allowing for accurate assessment of dose received by individual workers.

TLDs are preferred in many applications for their sensitivity to low levels of exposure, the ability to provide a permanent record of radiation dose, and their reusability after proper processing. They are commonly used in environments where workers may encounter both high and low radiation levels, creating a reliable profile of their exposure.

While portable x-ray machines, Geiger-Muller detectors, and radiographic film are all important tools in the field of radiation safety and detection, they are not typically used for personal dosimetry. Portable x-ray machines are used for imaging, GM detectors are designed for survey and detection of radiation in the environment, and radiographic film is used for recording radiation exposure in imaging rather than monitoring personal dose.