An element is primarily identified by which of the following?

An element is primarily identified by the number of protons in its nucleus. This number, known as the atomic number, determines the unique identity of an element and its position on the periodic table. Each element has a distinct atomic number, which defines its chemical properties and behavior.

Protons carry a positive charge and contribute to the overall atomic mass of the element. While the number of neutrons and electrons plays a significant role in aspects such as isotope stability and ion charge, respectively, it is the proton count that classifies the element itself.

For example, carbon, which has 6 protons, is distinctly different from nitrogen, which has 7 protons. Thus, the number of protons is the fundamental characteristic that differentiates one element from another.